史上第一個中國詩歌代表團(tuán)訪問俄羅斯
——俄中詩歌交流會上的演講
 
北塔/文






   
　　尊敬的Anna副館長、Alexey Filimonov先生、Alexey Anatol`evich Rodionov先生，諸位俄、中詩歌界的親愛的朋友們，女士們、先生們，大家好：
 
　　首先請原諒我這個俄羅斯文學(xué)的熱愛者不懂俄文，不能用俄語發(fā)表演講。我希望在不遠(yuǎn)的將來，我能不用英語而用中文跟俄羅斯的朋友們交流。我知道，在俄羅斯，中文教育方興未艾，在座的有些嘉賓中文很好，比如，Rodionov主任，他是圣彼得堡大學(xué)東方系的副主任、著名的漢學(xué)家。我希望，懂中文的俄羅斯人會越來越多。
 
　　俄、中之間的文學(xué)交流源遠(yuǎn)流長。
 
　　早在1759年，俄羅斯古典主義戲劇家、詩人、翻譯家蘇瑪羅科夫就翻譯發(fā)表了《中國悲劇〈孤兒〉的獨(dú)白》的片段，悲劇《孤兒》指的是在18世紀(jì)歐洲大名鼎鼎的元朝作家紀(jì)君祥的雜劇《趙氏孤兒》，蘇瑪羅科夫是通過德文譯本轉(zhuǎn)譯的。而那個德文譯本是通過法文譯本轉(zhuǎn)譯的。瞧，文化交流，尤其是早期的文化交流總是避免不了“中介”這個討厭的家伙！當(dāng)前，在俄羅斯，有不少專家在翻譯介紹研究中國詩歌，F(xiàn)ilimonov和Rodionov兩位先生就是辛苦而卓越的蜜蜂。Filimonov先生曾數(shù)度把我的詩譯成俄文，并發(fā)表在俄羅斯和芬蘭的多家報刊。他還主動請纓，翻譯了中國詩歌代表團(tuán)的詩選。
 
　　早在清末光緒26年（即1900年）克雷洛夫的三篇寓言詩就被翻譯成漢語并在中國發(fā)表（由美國傳教士林樂知口譯、任廷旭筆述的。
 
　　100多年來，有4、5代中國知識分子熱衷于閱讀、學(xué)習(xí)俄羅斯文學(xué)。敝人的義父是一個木匠，他的教育文化程度只是初中，但他家里藏著一些俄羅斯文學(xué)的書，在我上初中的時候就讀過那些書。那是我最早接觸俄羅斯文學(xué)。在高中階段，我曾大量閱讀俄羅斯詩歌，因為沒有錢買書，我曾大量抄錄普希金、萊蒙托夫和丘特切夫等的詩作。在座的大部分中國詩人都有著跟我類似的與俄羅斯文學(xué)的因緣關(guān)系，甚至俄羅斯文學(xué)情結(jié)。
 
　　文學(xué)讀者都有一個很難克服的心理傾向：吃到了美味的雞蛋，就想見見那只生蛋的母雞，至少看看母雞生活下蛋的場域和環(huán)境。俄羅斯是這樣一個生養(yǎng)了許多偉大的文學(xué)母雞的國度。多年來，很多中國詩人做夢都想來俄羅斯進(jìn)行文學(xué)朝圣、心靈洗禮，單純做個游客，他們又覺得不過癮，所以希望我能張羅組織這樣的一場交流會。今天終于成功舉行，而且是在St. Petersburg這樣的世界文學(xué)之都、阿赫瑪托娃故居博物館這樣的文學(xué)圣殿舉行。詩友們，這是歷史上第一個中國詩歌代表團(tuán)訪問俄羅斯。讓我們記住這非凡而重大的時刻。
 
　　我要特別感謝Anna副館長、Alexey Filimonov先生、Alexey Anatol`evich Rodionov先生等俄方人士對交流會所付出的辛苦勞動、所做出的寶貴貢獻(xiàn)。尤其是Filimonov先生。本次活動是由國際絲路詩社今年主辦的最重要的詩會。作為詩社的常務(wù)副社長，他從一開始就幫我一起策劃、聯(lián)絡(luò)和組織，利用他自己的聲望、人脈和資源，把此次交流活動做得如此有聲有色、幾近完美。再次感謝您，F(xiàn)ilimonov先生，我的詩歌兄弟。
 
　　最后，我也感謝俄、中詩歌界的所有同仁的熱情參與。

　　北塔（中國詩歌代表團(tuán)團(tuán)長、國際絲路詩社社長、世界詩人大會常務(wù)副秘書長）
 
 
　　Speech at Russia-China Poetry Meeting
 
　　By Bei Ta (head of Chinese delegation of poets,
　　president of International Silk Road Poetry Society,
　　Standing Vice General Secretary of World Congress of Poets)
 
 
　　Esteemed curator Ms. Anna, Mr. Alexey Filimonov, Mr. Rodionov, dear poets from both Russia and China, ladies and gentlemen:
 
　　First of all, please forgive me that I, as a lover of Russian literature, cannot speak Russian. I hope in the near future I can communicate with Russian friends by speaking Chinese, not English. I know that in this great country, Chinese education is in the ascendant. Some of the guests here are very good at Chinese, for example, Mr. Rodionov, who is a well-known Sinologist as the vice-dean of the Eastern Faculty of the St. Petersburg University. I really hope that more and more Russian people can grasp Chinese so that we do not need English as a medium in our future communication just like that USD is not necessary as a medium in bilateral trades.
 
　　There is a long history of literary communication between our two countries.
 
　　As early as in 1759, Sumarokov, the Russian classist dramatist and poet translated and published a fragment of a monologue of the Chinese great tragedy “Zhao’s Orphan”. That tragedy was written by Ji Junxiang, a great dramatist in Yuan Dynasty in the late 13c and was very famous in European literary world in the 18c. Sumarokov translated that fragment into Russian from German while that German version was translated from French. Look! Cultural communications, especially the early ones, could not avoid “medium”, the disgusting fellow! Nowadays in Russia, many experts are indulged in studying and translating Chinese poetry. Mr. Filimonov and Mr. Rodionov have made remarkable efforts and contributions like diligent and outstanding bees. Mr. Filimonov have translated lots of my poems into Russian and had them published in periodicals both in Russia and Finland. This time, he volunteered to translate poems of our delegation all by himself.
 
　　As early as in the year 1900 (at the end of Qing Dynasty), 3 fable poems by ИванАндреевичКрылов (Clerov) were translated into Chinese and published in China (it was interpreted by Allen, Young John, a reputed missionary from USA and written down by Ren Tingxu, a Chinese scholar).
 
　　In the past more than 100 years, 4 or 5 generations of Chinese intellectuals have been interested in reading and learning Russian literature. My adopted father was once a carpenter, who had to end his education in junior middle school, yet he had some books of Russian literature at home. When I was a junior middle school pupil, I read those books. In my senior middle school, I read a lot of Russian poetry. At that time I did not have money to buy books so that I had to copy many poems by Pushkin, Lermontov and Tyutchev, etc. by hand. Most of the members of Chinese delegation here had the “predestined” relationships with Russian literature similar to mine or even complex of Russian literature, for example, Mr. Yi Dian, the oldest famous poet of our delegation.
 
　　Literary readers have an inclination difficult for themselves to overcome: after having tasted delicious eggs, they want to see the hen who has delivered the eggs, at least the field and environment where the hen lives. Russia is one of the very places where there are lots of great literary hens. For many years, many Chinese poets have dreamed of coming to take a literary pilgrim and heart baptism. They would have felt unsatisfactory if they would come to Russia just as tourists. They hope that I can organize a communication with Russian poets. Today finally it is successfully done in St. Petersburg--- such a great city of world literature and at Akhmatova House Museum --- such a memorial shrine. All my poet friends, this is the first Chinese delegation of poets visiting Russia. Let’s remember this unusual and important moment.
 
　　I’d like to express my sincere gratitude toward curator Mr. Anna, Mr. Filimonov, Mr. Rodionov and all those who have made great efforts and done treasured contributions for this communication. My special thanks would turn to Mr. Filimonov. This meeting is the most important poetry activities held by International Silk Road Poetry Society. As the standing deputy president of the society, Mr. Filimonov helped me plan, organize and prosecute this meeting at the very beginning. Without employing his reputation, human resources and social connections, our meeting could never be so colorful and almost perfect. Thank you again, Filimonov, my poet brother.
 
　　At last, I’d like express my affectionate gratitude toward all dear poets from both Russia and China. Thank you very much!